Basis of the first phase of your overall MC plan Essay

Basis of the first phase of your overall MC plan - Essay Example Marketing communication is a process which helps the marketers to communicate information’s like product related information to potential consumer segment. They utilise this method to convey information about product value, existence, and benefits associated with it. It encompasses one of the four elements of the marketing mix. Designing an effective communication process provide marketers an opportunity to attract, create urge, persuade, and remind about the existing brands of a company. In recent times, the scope related to marketing communication has increased. Marketers are using various unique method and techniques to create awareness of their products (Yeshin, 1998). The marketers have to integrate different aspects related to marketing communication to derive maximum benefit from the implementation of any such plan. In the process of developing a marketing communication plan for a product Lemon, lime flavoured beer a zero based marketing communication plan is prepared (Belch, 2003). A zero based marketing communication planning process provides a marketing communication planning team of an organisation, the necessary understanding of what kind of tools are to be utilised while preparing a plan. In this process a particular year’s situational analysis is conducted (BSA Marketing, n.d.). Also SWOT analysis and communication objectives analysis help in preparing a proper planning according to the desired need. In the beginning of this process, key marketing communication related problems are identified. In the next step, by using various marketing communications tools, solutions are searched for the problems. In the given context also, for devising a marketing communication plan for a new brand, a complete situational analysis along with SWOT analysis has to be conducted. The plan also has to prepare keeping in mind the communication objectives. In the first phase of preparing a marketing communication plan, a target audience for the intended product

Attachment styles Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Attachment styles - Essay Example In order to understand this theory better, let us consider an example of infatuated love. We meet and like a number of people in our daily life. We do not feel the same about all of them. At times, we meet people who we like a lot and we really wish to be with them. This type of love is often called ‘love at first sight’ or ‘infatuated love’. People do not actually know each other, neither do they have intimacy. Such kind of love starts with the feeling of pure passion. The romantic relationships of this kind, are based on the sexual desires and physical attraction. Hence, in such relationships, passion dimension of the triangular theory is at its peak. Passion is the element which plays a major role in infatuated love relationships. People involved in this kind of love relationship do not normally trust each other to the extent as romantic lovers do. The commitment level is also low as their feelings are limited to the sexual desire and apparent attraction. However, when the intimacy develops between them and they start knowing each other the infatuated love grows into romantic love relationship where intimacy and passion both are high. If the level of intimacy does not grow, the relationship and love vanishes with time and no feelings are left between the partners. Hence, for an infatuated love to develop and the relationship to be strong, the level of intimacy and commitment must flourish. In conclusion, we can that the triangular theory of love provides good information about how love grows and the level of the three dimensions of love in each relationship. This theory provides a better insight in the relationships and the needs to grow one or the other aspect in order to keep the love relationship strong and

Technology and Social Issues in Africa

Technology and Social Issues in Africa Nigel McKelvey   For many in the western world, the perception of Africa is one of starving children and war torn countries. But 21st century Africa is a continent that is attempting to dispel the old imagery and is ready to compete with the rest of the world when it comes to embracing technology. The major success of the mobile phone industry has revolutionised how the people of Africa live, work, learn and communicate. Technology has changed industry in Africa, while natural resources are still being mined by international companies with no benefit to its people, there is now an opportunity for individuals to reap the rewards of this new revolution as the skills are accessible and have allowed many individuals to empower themselves and realise their potential. A technical hub in Nairobi, Kenya is a huge success storey that can be replicated anywhere throughout Africa; because it is the people that are the greatest resource and not the blood diamonds or crude oil that others have been exploiting for decades. The hub has become so successful it has been dubbed Silicon Savanah. There are currently developing a 5000-acre site to develop the Konzo Techno City, the first of its kind in Africa. It is attracting major global companies such as Samsung, Blackberry and Huawei and when completed in 2025 will have 200,000 people working and living there. This is working proof that the African people given the same opportunities as the western world can serve as major competitors in the global market. Africa, colonisation, poverty, mobile phones, child labour, cocoa farming, Silicon Savanah. The media have been consistently severe in their portrayal of the African continent throughout the years. The Africa that the west perceive is one that Chavis,(1998) suggests as being as dark as the pervasive fear conjured up in the their minds. With constant images of famine and skeletal children viewed on television screens by millions throughout the decades, it is difficult to invoke a reimaging of the country as the problem still exists to a lesser extent. Many African countries are still suffering and reports that another major famine is imminent, which could affect forty-nine million people across southern Africa (Robb, 2016). In the last six years, there have been more wars in Africa than anywhere else on the planet (Arieff, 2016). The wars are ongoing and it is a struggle to establish economic and social growth in countries that are at war and those surrounding them. In Northern Africa, there are nine countries at war or have internal unrest, in central Africa there are three, in the east there are four while South Africa is also looking at unrest as support for the ANC is declining due to accusations of corruption (Timeslive, 2016). It is one of the major problems that affects the progression of a vast continent, each country has such varied and unique characteristics to offer the world, yet hindered by government corruption, conflict and poverty. In addition to this Birrell (2012) suggests there is a disconnect between what the western perception of Africa is and its fast-changing reality causing a lack of financial investment. Although these issues currently impede the economic growth of Africa and the social welfare of its citizens that live in the 54 countries that make up the continent, there is a change taking place where the digital age is being embraced and in doing so a new Africa is evolving. With a country that has only 40% reliable energy supply and 20% having access to the Internet, there is a new wave of optimism coming from an impending digital and cultural revolution (Kanza, 2016). This paper will look at how the social issues have improved with the introduction of new technologies especially the success of the mobile phone; it is a technology that has united the continent. Subscriptions for mobile phones have now surpassed half a billion and it is expected that 54% of the continent will be connected by 2020 (GSMA, 2016). The largest market for mobile phones are Egypt, Nigeria and South Africa, with countries such as Kenya, who have a population of 45 million having subscriptions of 38 million (Mutiga, A., Flood, Z.,2016), which is more than 84% of the people in the country. The lack of infrastructure with unreliable and scarce fixed line telephone has contributed to the success of these devices and has given countries throughout the continent a freedom and new opportunities unheard of before. The effect of colonisation in Africa since the 1870s by European countries has played a major part on how the continent is perceived today. Before the European Renaissance, Africans were building cities earlier than the Greeks or Romans and had developed writing skills in the form of scripts such as Demotic and Hieratic (Pheko, 2012). It was a continent that was always rich in resources such as oil, coal and diamonds, but few countries within the continent rarely profit from them only other countries and multinationals (BBC News, 2012). Since the end of colonisation, little has changed in the way the many African countries have suffered, especially at the hands of their own governments who made deals with the devil. Multinational companies and foreign countries are still instrumental in the unethical exchange of billions of dollars to leaders and warlords to extract rich resources that they will greatly profit from while they allow the countries people to starve and be murdered. Any profits that are generated are never invested back into the country or its people (Pear, 2014). A continent that was historically ahead of its time had become a mere shadow of its former self. When the US President Franklin D. Roosevelt made a trip to Gambia in 1943, he was shocked at the conditions its people were living in and was quoted saying Its the most horrible thing I have ever seen in my life. The natives are five thousand years back of us. The British have been there for two hundred years for every dollar that the British have put into Gambia, they have taken out ten. Its just plain exploitation of those people. 74 years later countries are still being pilfered and little has changed in the way of financial investment in many countries that could greatly benefit from a fraction of the profits made by foreign countries or global corporations. With Africa having one of the youngest populations in the world, and an average age of 19.5 years (Worldometers, 2017), with 60% under 35 years old (Some, 2014); it is not surprising that it is a continent embracing the technical revolution. With new technology, brings an innovative era for millions regarding information relating to social aspects such as health, farming, business and education issues. The mobile phone market has grown so much in Africa, that it will generate one tenth of the GNP by 2020. Mutiga, and Flood (2016) suggest that by the end of the decade there will be 657 million mobile broadband connections, contributing $300 billion to sub-Saharan Africas economy. It is ironic that the success of this new technology has created a child labour market in its own continent. The Democratic Republic of the Congo produces half the worlds supply of Cobalt; a metal that can retain it magneticity at high temperatures, which is used in the manufacture of mobile phones, car batteries and computers (Bell, 2016). The 16 multinational brands that use this metal, including Apple, Microsoft and Sony; are aware that the mines that they are purchasing from use children as 7 years old, getting paid $1 a day for working in life threating conditions companies (Kelly, 2016). Amnesty International have been investigating the practice and have traced the supply chain of the mined metal to companies such as Volkswagen, Daimler and Samsung. Having received the list of companies that were recorded as customers of the battery manufacturer that uses the metal, only one admitted that they were aware of the connection of the cobalt mines and the batteries. None of the companies could provide any details to verify where they were sourcing their battery products (Amnesty International, 2016). The car companies involved use the metal as a key component in the lithium-ion batteries, while the marketing focus is encouraging the potential buyer to consider purchasing their product because it is environmentally responsible thing to do. The demand for electric cars is expected to reach 17 million by 2030 which will invariably increase the demand for cobalt and the expectation is already pushing up the price of the metal (Desai, 2016). While the process of extracting coba lt has now become mainstream knowledge, it has not hindered the sales of smartphones or electric cars nor will it as the public want to enjoy the benefits of having these goods without wanting to know what was involved in its production. Child labour does not only extend to the mining industry; the farming community also exploit children for labour and involved in the slave industry. Cocoa farming in countries like Ghana and the Ivory Coast contribute to a large part of its exports with over 60% of revenue generated alone from cocoa. Large international companies such as Hersheys, Mars and Nestlà © use the farms to supply the demand for their chocolate bars. The farms are generating so much money for the countries, that their governments are turning a blind eye to the amount of child slavery and kidnapping that is prevalent in these countries to keep up with demand and keep prices low for the large global customers. There are now estimated to be 1.8 million children working in dire conditions, where they are barely fed and working with dangerous pesticides and tools. In Ghana, 73.6% of rural children work in these types of farms with children as young as five have been reported to be working, with little chance of g etting a decent education; they may spend the rest of their lives been exploited by these farmers (Mull and Kirhorn, 2005). With the chocolate industry, worth $100 billion (OKeefe, 2016), the demand for young workers will not stop. This can only be stopped through government intervention and the chocolate manufacturers paying a reasonable price for the cocoa they procure for a minimal cost at the expense of the countrys children. The governments behaviour in the past, only further damages the chance of fair working practices and pay. Three journalists who reported the findings of a government probe into the corruption in the cocoa export trade, were detained until they disclosed the source of the findings, whilst another journalist went missing in 2004 when investigating the practices of the Ivory Coast Government and the cocoa industry (Crawford, 2005). The cocoa farmer is at the mercy of the suppliers, who along with the corrupt governments dictate the price they receive for their crops, ensuring the farmer and the workers stay in uneducated and poor because it suits their needs. The responsibility of the multinationals and the consumers of chocolate must decide where their conscience lie. The more consumers demand that the cocoa that produces the chocolate they so readily enjoy; comes from ethically sourced farms, only then can there be some movement in how the farmer can relieve young workers from their farms. By using mobile technology as an information tool cocoa farmers can use mobile devices to gain essential market knowledge relating to crop and animal prices. They also can sign up to information centres where they can educate themselves about best practice and the introduction of new techniques in different areas of farming that can help with increasing productivity and profits, whilst informing about proper pest control and correct disease management of their animals. In Senegal, a company called Mlouma offer farmers a service where they are informed on a timely basis of the best prices for selling and buying agricultural products (Omondi, 2014). This gives the farmers a market knowledge they never had before and enables them to get the best price for the product they work so hard to produce. A similar premise called Esoko began in Uganda and is now also successful in Tanzania and Kenya. It offers a central virtual market place, where the farmer is informed of market prices by SMS and part of their services includes a call centre where illiterate farmers can have access to the same information while also allowing farmers to put money aside or borrow money to buy necessary farming equipment (esoko, 2017). The cocoa industry may be corrupt, but by the farmers becoming more knowledgeable about the prices that are available, there may come a time where they get to demand a fair price for their goods based on what the information acquired through the established network creating using this technology. There are similar services throughout Africa that exist to empower individuals throughout the many areas of the production within the continent. Fishermen, fish processors and traders can avail of the service called EFMIS-ke. It is an electronic fish market information system that was launched in Kenya to combat the waste of post-harvest fish which was costing over 450,000 Euros annually. Data from fish landing sites and markets are continually uploaded onto a central database to be processed, which in turn is shared with users who can make informed decisions on where to sell or buy the fish depending on the going price (Nyabundi, 2017). While technology has allowed farmers and fishermen to gain a new perspective on how get the most from their product, there are still many social issues that blight the way. Strass, (2016) suggests that Africa must overcome 6 major challenges to make way for a better future. Low Economic growth rate. This is due to the oil prices and exports falling and the richer economies suffering from the after-effects of the Arab spring Libya, Egypt and Tunisia. This is all about to change according to Barton (2016), who believes technology is one of the 3 trends that will ensure an economic and social change for Africa in the future. The first, by having the largest working population in the world by 2034. The second where the cities are becoming ever larger and becoming more productive and the third where technology will help bypass the infrastructure issues that are so prevalent within the continent. Lack of Industrial Development. Industrial development in Africa has not grown since the 1970s. Page (2014) believes it is a combination of bad luck and government policy that has left the continent 40 years behind the rest of the world. Bad luck, in terms of the economic crisis that occurred globally in the 1970s and 1980s, which brought about a macroeconomic strategy where governments and banks made policies to keep inflation to a minimum. When Africa came out of its economic recession, the rest of the worlds economy had grown with inflation and Africa could no longer compete. Bad policies were put in place to reduce imports and attempt to increase exports, but little understanding of the global market place meant they were doomed to fail. Poverty, hunger, poor education, ill health and violence. Although the situation is slowly improving, the living standard in comparison to the rest of the world seems bleak. The Democratic Republic of Congo; Africas second largest country, is the poorest country in the world. Out of 20 of the countries in the world with the worst food and nutrition provisions, 19 of those are in Africa (Barton, 2016). Only through education and intervention from governments can there be any kind of social escalation in these countries. Urban slums. 60% of people living in African cities are living in slum areas. As more of the surrounding land becomes urbanised, the larger the slums are growing. Programs are in place such as the UNHabitat who are working with governments to acquire lands, but the slums are growing faster, with expectations that by 2050 1.26 billion people will be living in cities; only further exasperating the issue. Corruption The chair of the Transparency International Josà © Ugaz said Corruption creates and increases poverty and exclusion. While corrupt individuals with political power enjoy a lavish life, millions of Africans are deprived of their basic needs like food, health, education, housing, access to clean water and sanitation, (Veselinovic ,2016). Needs such as attending a doctor do not come easily for some citizens in many African countries. In Liberia, 7 out of 10 people claim to have paid bribes to access services such as healthcare or education. In Zimbabwe, a man who raped a 9-year-old year which resulted in her being infected with HIV; was released in secret because he paid a bribe. It is estimated that nearly 75 million people in Sub Saharan Africa have paid a bribe to officials to stay away from court and for basic services that they badly need (Transparency.org, 2015). Global Trade Partnerships. The African Growth and Opportunity Act is a trade agreement established by President George Bush in 2000, with an aim to develop market access to the United States for countries with Sub-Saharan African countries who adhere to certain human rights conditions and labour laws. This has afforded countries such as Tanzania, Kenya and Ethiopia to export $1billion in clothes to the United States with no tariffs (Schneidman, 2016). The worry for African countries with amendments to the Trans-Pacific Partnership was that other countries were attempting to get tariffs reduced and increase their exports to the United States. Since President Trump has withdrawn from the negotiations on the 23rd of January, the TTP may be dead in the water. What the growing concern now for the United States is that the Chinese are trading with them through the back door as they own many of the clothing factories that are exporting to them (Thomas, 2017). In a continent where hardship and starvation is commonplace, it is difficult to see a light at the end of the tunnel from an outsiders perspective. Africa had never experienced any of the fortunes that North Europe gained from the industrial revolution (Armstrong, 2013), but it seems they do not want to bypass the digital revolution that is currently exploding throughout the continent, which to many may seem surprising that a continent so full of old traditions; such as men kidnapping a bride in Sudan (Hearfield, 2014) or negotiating a price for a bride in Southern Africa (Ziddina, 2009). They are a highly superstitious group of countries where the existence of witches is still believed to be true (Radford, 2010); all of which is deemed archaic by the western world, have surprisingly embraced technology with great ease. This may be because the technology that exists today and is being made available to them suits their needs. Technology is defined as the branch of knowledge that deal s with the creation and use of technical means and their interrelation with life, society, and the environment. Technology has created so many opportunities in Africa and has allowed it to leap into the 21st century with the same enthusiasm the rest of the world has. TU Delft are a group of Global Initiative Scientists who are using high tech science to find solutions for problems people are facing in developing countries (TUDelft, 2017). They have just been given the green light to start on 7 new projects in Africa; they include: Affordable housing Using technology to develop new design methods for low-cost housing in Addis Ababa where 75% of its people live in slums. Building Adaptive Cities Working with local authorities and it citizens during the stages of urban development to look at solutions on how the city and its people serve each other in the future. Water Balance in the Zambezi River Basin. The Zambezi river basin is shared by 8 countries and is home to 2 of the worlds largest reservoirs. The construction of the 2 dams had a massive impact on the basin and the studies will be carried out to predict floods and water levels which have affected its natural habitat and its people. Diagnosis of Tuberculosis and Detection of Malaria New technology in mobile phones is being proposed in the detection of Tuberculosis which kills millions of people each year, while an optical device is being developed to identify the presence of malaria. Biogas Fuel Cell System in Rural Areas Biogas Fuel Cell System is where a fuel such as gas is converted into electricity, a technology that IKEA is known for using in the United States (Bioenergy, 2017). TU is hoping to use this technology in remote areas (Holland, 2016). These new technologies can only be good for a continent that has suffered hardship throughout the last 400 years; from the colonisers to the corrupt governments and leaders who live lavish lifestyles while they let their people suffer. The technologies are a plaster on a large wound that requires proper attention. The mobile phone and tablet technology however is an accessible one that everyone can benefit from and requires little or no technical ability to use. It is why it has been so successful in areas such as banking where in Kenya, Sudan and Gabon have 50% of adults using online banking. This is also true of online education tools that are so popular that the market is set to be worth $530million this year. These types of online tools are helping young people get an education they may otherwise not afford to or have access to without this technology. Health education is also another use of the mobile technology where information is disseminated to the masses at the click of a b utton, which was unthinkable in the 1980s (Ogunlesi, 2012). It is now an opportunity for Africa to shine as it once was and to lose its unfounded title that once was the dark continent. References Chavis, R. (1998). Africa in the Western Media. Available: http://www.africa.upenn.edu/Workshop/chavis98.html. Last accessed 22nd February2017. Robb, S. (2016). Worst famine in 25 years on the way in Africa UN warns Read more: http://metro.co.uk/2016/05/22/worst-famine-in-25-years-on-the-way-in-africa-un-warns-5897847/#ixzz4YHhheJf5. Available: http://metro.co.uk/2016/05/22/worst-famine-in-25-years-on-the-way-in-africa-un-warns-5897847/. Last accessed 10th February 2017. Arieff, I. (2016). Africas War Problem. Available: http://www.passblue.com/2016/07/12/africas-war-problem/. Last accessed 10th February 2017. Civil unrest and crime warning for South Africa. (2016). Available: http://www.timeslive.co.za/local/2016/06/08/Civil-unrest-and-crime-warning-for-South-Africa1. Last accessed 10th February 2017. Birrell, I. (2012). Our image of Africa is hopelessly obsolete. Available: https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2012/aug/26/ian-birrell-emergence-new-africa. Last accessed 10th February 2017. Kanza, E. S. (2016). Africas digital revolution: a look at the technologies, trends and people driving it. Available: https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2016/05/africa-s-digital-revolution-a-look-at-the-technologies-trends-and-people-driving-it. Last accessed 10th February 2017. GSMA (2016). NUMBER OF UNIQUE MOBILE SUBSCRIBERS IN AFRICA SURPASSES HALF A BILLION, FINDS NEW GSMA STUDY. Available: http://www.gsma.com/newsroom/press-release/number-of-unique-mobile-subscribers-in-africa-surpasses-half-a-billion-finds-new-gsma-study/. Last accessed 17th February 2017. Pheko,M. (2012). Effects of colonialism on Africas past and present. Available: https://www.pambazuka.org/global-south/effects-colonialism-africas-past-and-present. Last accessed 22nd February2017. BBC News (2012). Africa Debate: Will Africa ever benefit from its natural resources?. Available: http://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-19926886. Last accessed 22nd February2017. Pear D.W. (2014). Africa: Incredible Wealth, Exploitation, Corruption and Poverty for its People. Available: http://therealnews.com/t2/component/content/article/170-more-blog-posts-from-david-william-pear/1944-africa-incredible-wealth-exploitation-corruption-and-poverty-for-its-people-. Last accessed 25th February 2017. Adusei, A. (2009). Multinational corporations: The new colonisers in Africa. Available: https://www.pambazuka.org/governance/multinational-corporations-new-colonisers-africa. Last accessed 25th February 2017. Mutiga,A., Flood, Z. (2016). Africa calling: mobile phone revolution to transform democracies. Available: https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/aug/08/africa-calling-mobile-phone-broadband-revolution-transform-democracies. Last accessed 11th February 2017. Bell,T. (2016). Cobalt Metal | Properties, Production, and Applications. Available: https://www.thebalance.com/metal-profile-cobalt-2340131. Last accessed 25th February 2017. Kelly, A. (2016). Children as young as seven mining cobalt used in smartphones, says Amnesty. Available: https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2016/jan/19/children-as-young-as-seven-mining-cobalt-for-use-in-smartphones-says-amnesty. Last accessed 25th February 2017. Amnesty International. (2016). Exposed: Child labour behind smart phone and electric car batteries. Available: https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2016/01/child-labour-behind-smart-phone-and-electric-car-batteries/. Last accessed 25th February 2017. Desai, P. (2016). Electric vehicles to power cobalt revival. Available: http://www.reuters.com/article/metals-cobalt-demand-idUSL8N1902I9. Last accessed 25th February 2017. Mull D L and S R Kirhorn. (2005). Child Labor in Ghana Cocoa Production: Focus upon Agricultural Tasks, Ergonomic Exposures, and Associated Injuries and Illnesses. Available: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1497785/. Last accessed 10th March 2017. OKeefe, B. (2016). Bitter Sweets. Available: http://fortune.com/big-chocolate-child-labor/. Last accessed 10th March 2017. Crawford, J. (2005). Disappeared: Guy-Andrà © Kieffer missing in Ivory Coast. Available: https://cpj.org/reports/2005/05/kieffer-disappeared-journalist.php. Last accessed 10th March 2017. Worldometers (2017). Africa Population (LIVE). Available: http://www.worldometers.info/world-population/africa-population/. Last accessed 10th February 2017. Some, D. (2014). Connecting Africa: The best investments in the next generation. Available: http://www.africaprogresspanel.org/connecting-africa-the-best-investments-in-the-next-generation/?gclid=CJb5trzEiNICFYEV0wodYaEItw. Last accessed 11th February 2017. Omondi, F. (2014). Mlouma.com Improving Market Knowledge in Senegal Agriculture Industry. Available: http://innov8tiv.com/mlouma-com-improving-market-knowledge-senegalese-agricultural-industry/. Last accessed 11th February 2017. Esoko (2017). CONNECTING YOU TO RURAL MARKETS. Available: https://www.esoko.com/. Last accessed 11th February 2017. Nyabundi, D. (2017). Fish traders land bigger returns with market tracking system. Available: http://www.businessdailyafrica.com/Fish-traders-land-bigger-returns-with-market-tracking-system/-/1248928/2131390/-/agyo6i/-/index.html. Last accessed 12th February 2017. Strauss, G. (2016). Six Challenges Facing Africa in 2016. Available: https://providencemag.com/2016/01/six-challenges-facing-africa-2016/. Last accessed 10th March 2017. Barton, D. (2016). 3 reasons things are looking up for African economies. Available: https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2016/05/what-s-the-future-of-economic-growth-in-africa/. Last accessed 16th February 201

Education: Banking or Problem Posing? Essay -- essays research papers

Education: Banking or Problem Posing? Richard Rodriguez and Paolo Freire write of education as the core factor in one’s life. They feel that education itself lends people to either â€Å"achieve† greatness or fall into the majority of â€Å"bankers.† â€Å"The Achievement of Desire† by Rodriguez and â€Å"The Banking Concept of Education† by Freire greatly resemble each other; however, they also differ on some points. Despite their differences, both texts come to the same conclusion – education makes a person who he/she can become. Rodriguez and Freire both state that education is vital for success. Rodriguez writes that he is the way he is because of his education. Rodriguez came from a working class Mexican family. When he was introduced to education, he became ashamed of this and chose to change his path from falling into the same social status. Rodriguez is known as he is today because of his ability to step back; out of the present situation or environment and reflect on it almost immediately. Rodriguez agrees that banking does nothing to better education or society itself. If no new ideas are ever surfaced, then progress will never occur. He was the same as everyone else until he started to analyze texts and paraphrase more than just summarize. This made him the â€Å"scholarship boy† that he was. By learning to use his education wisely and make connections between different texts, he heightened his intelligence. A key element that Rodriguez and Freire both speak of is banking education. Fre...

Examine sociological explanations Essay

There seems to be a direct link to what goes on in schools and what takes place at work. The functionalist approach to education and economy is that through socialisation education helps maintain society by introducing young people into values and beliefs such as achievement. They argue that education teaches what is needed within the world of work like numeracy and literacy skills or specific skills for particular jobs. The education system allocates people to the most appropriate jobs, which suits their abilities using examination results. Through the eyes of the functionalists this is seen to be fair because there is an equal opportunity for everyone, everyone has the chance to succeed in society on the basis of their ability. If they work hard and try hard at school then they will succeed and climb the social ladder obtaining a higher social status. They see education as turning pupils into model citizens that the most able pupils will succeed and obtain the most important jobs. Durkheim stated that education performs the function of making individuals feel they are members of a social group. This can be done through lessons such as history. He believes that school teaches pupils how to co-operate and work with others. The subjects that are taught in schools are related to skills that are required for work. The education system sifts and sorts the people according to their ability and that those who want to achieve can do so despite social class or background. Parsons thinks that the school is the first place where they are taught universal values and rules. School helps introduce a consensus; this is where everyone agrees on the same basic values. Schools challenge pupil’s abilities and their talents so that they can be issued into specific jobs. Davis and Moore explained that some people have greater talents than others and to ensure that society functions efficiently the most able individuals are allocated the most efficient jobs. The education system is responsible for this, targeting the people who are most able then training them for important jobs. However, some people would argue that this is far too optimistic. This idea of meritocracy is untrue does not exists. There are certain barriers that get in the way the main one being social class. An example of this is careers such as medicine and law where certain firms will not accept you if you have been to a university that was previously a polytechnic college. There is nothing wrong with these universities but certain people and groups see them as lower class and therefore less likely to employ them. This is a barrier that gets in the way. There is a lack of evidence that schools teach work specific skills, an example of this is how often does a job require you to know quotes from Shakespeare, some subjects have a limited usefulness to the world of work. The principal of having a general consensus in school is not always the case; different social groups have different sets of values. Marxists disagree with this approach stating that its main function is to maintain, legitimate and reproduce, generation after generation of inequalities transmitted through common values and beliefs. Failure and inequality is encouraged within working class people, this is taught in schools. What goes on in school is related to the world of work, the pupils are like the workers and the teachers are like the bosses. Marxists explanation of education is that it does entirely depend on intellectual ability only the pupils who conform will rise above the rest. Schools reproduce the appropriate work force with the correct attitudes for factory work. They argue that it turns working class kids into conformist’s workers. Marxists argue that a hidden curriculum lies within the education system that filters out working class children into working class jobs it is a passive process that gets them used to this idea of inequality and hierarchy. It makes them accept it and not challenge it this is the correspondence principal. Bowles and Gintis argue that what goes on in schools is directly related to the world of work. The organisation of school to that of work is very identical, separate school lessons mirroring separate work place tasks. The examination results and payment are the enjoyment of working and learning. Educational success and promotion at work is based on work. Again what was just said isn’t always the case. Bowles and Gintis never actual got any research evidence to support their claims. Most jobs now demand people with flair, ambition and people with charisma not mindless idiots as Marxist stated. Not all schools respond in exactly the same way and not all pupils respond in exactly the same way as Bowles and Gintis suggested. Not all children are passive products of the education system it might motivate some children with the thought of ending up in a factory. Paul Willis conducted his survey in 1977 and provides internationalist approach to understand the meanings pupils. Willis identifies pro-school and anti-school subcultures. The anti school subcultures where nicked named â€Å"the lads† ands the pro-school subcultures were called the earoles. Willis was a neo-Marxist who stated that â€Å"the lads† developed strategies to cope with the boredom of school and basic routine that they would eventually end up in at work. The lads chose to and accepted themselves as failures and didn’t see the point in trying so just gave up. It was not passive as Marxists first thought. Even this type of attitude created the right workforce, they were uncritical and just got on with it. Paul Willis focuses on actual working at the school. One criticism of Paul Willis work is that either the student rebelled against the system or they conformed they were never really in between and this didn’t really make much sense. It was unrealistic not many people were 100% in a category they were in between and this didn’t show up in Willis results. Vocational Education was introduced because when students left school and went to work they didn’t really possess the appropriate skills for work or the correct attitude. Vocational education changed this and improved their working attitudes with ideas such as work experience. As part of Curriculum 2000 key skills were introduced, this was asked for by a lot of employers and it gave students a basis insight into how to use a computer. A number of other schemes were introduced for those post 16 student s who didn’t want to stay on at school, the government would pay half their wages and the company that employed them would pay the other half. This was great for the company because they were getting labour for half the price and once they had got to 19 they would sack them and employ another 16 year old. The schemes led to low paid and low skilled part time employment. The main aim for the government to set this scheme up was so that when it came to Election Day it meant that the number of people who where unemployed was low. There was first an assumption that unemployment was caused by a lack of skills amongst young people. In actual fact it could be to do with lack of jobs. Cohen stated that this attitude and discipline training made the post 16 people ready to except low paid jobs. In conclusion there is no one simple explanation about the relationship between school and economy. All of the information featured is theories and beliefs based on different perspectives. Up to a certain point all of the theories are true and probable in certain situation. No one can speak for the whole of society what happens in one group might be completely different to another. I would however be incline to put my trust in to a lot of what Paul Willis says partly because of the way he carried out his study, it was very in-depth.

Case: Balance Sheet and Personal Financial Information

Case Study Companies must report or disclose in their financial statements information about all liabilities, including potential liabilities related to environmental clean-up. There are many situations in which you will be asked to provide personal financial information about your assets, liabilities, revenue, and expenses. Sometimes you will face difficult decisions regarding what to disclose and how to disclose it. Instructions Suppose that you are putting together a loan application to purchase a home. Based on your income and assets, you qualify for the mortgage loan, but just barely.How would you address each of the following situations in reporting your financial position for the loan application? Provide responses for each of the following situations. a) You signed a guarantee for a bank loan that a friend took out for $20,000. If your friend doesn’t pay, you will have to pay. Your friend had made all of the payments so far, and it appears he will be able to pay in the future. For this situation I would be personally liable for the $20,000 he borrowed. It is both a liability and an expense for both parties.When applying for my loan I would have to make sure to disclose that all payments have been made and on time. Since my friend never failed to make any payments I shouldn’t face too much resistance from getting the loan. In my opinion I would not share or disclose this information with the bank since this particular situation does not seem it will become a problem. b) You were involved in an auto accident in which you were at fault. There is the possibility that you may have to pay as much as $50,000 as part of the settlement. The issue will not be resolved before the bank processes your mortgage request.In this case you are have earned a liability and another expense. It would be highly unethical not to disclose such information with the bank. If for some reason you omit this information and the bank finds out about it later, you could b e at fault since you lied to the institution that evaluated their risks without taking in consideration all of the factors involved. It would be wiser to settle your liability of 50,000 dollars before acquiring new expenses. c) The company at which you work isn’t doing very well, and it has recently laid off employees.You are still employed, but it is quite possible that you will lose your job in the next few months. Since the probability of you losing your job is undisclosed I don’t think it would be necessary to disclose any of this information with the bank. However if you receive a loan and lose your job you would still be held liable with this current expense. The only way to make a definite decision is to wait and see what happens with your company, or in the other if you want to take a risk and make the loan it would be unwise to disclose your current possibility of losing your job.

I Am Sam Essays

I Am Sam Essays I Am Sam Essay I Am Sam Essay I AM SAM Director: Jessie Nelson Writers: Kristine Johnson,  Jessie Nelson Stars: Sean Penn,  Michelle Pfeiffer,  Dakota Fanning Sheenna Jey O. Corollo BSTM III-1D INTRODUCTION: As a human being, what is a definition of the word parent to you? Is it the amount of intellectual maturity displayed or the level of love given? 1 Is it possible that a mentally challenged man can give the love and care that a child need as they grew up which should a parent give to their child? I Am Sam is a 2001 American  drama film  written and directed by Jessie Nelson. Jessie Nelson and  Kristine Johnson, who co-wrote the screenplay, researched the issues facing adults with developmental disabilities by visiting the non-profit organization L. A. Goal (Greater Opportunities for the Advanced Living). They subsequently cast two actors with disabilities, Brad Silverman and Joe Rosenberg, in key roles. For his role as Sam, Penn was nominated for the  Academy Award for Best Actor  at the74th Academy Awards  in 2002. The movies title is named for the line Sam I am featured in the book  Green Eggs and Ham, which is read in the movie. Sam Dawson (Sean Penn) is a man with special needs who fights to regain the custody of his seven-year-old daughter Lucy Diamond Dawson (Dakota Fanning) which named after the famous Beatles song Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds. 3 Although Lucys mother, a homeless woman, leaves right after Lucy is born, Sam never gives up. He works as janitor at Starbucks and with help from an agoraphobic neighbour Annie Cassell (Dianne Wiest), he’s doing fine. Sam also gets some help from an entourage of retarded pals, and all goes along pretty well until Lucy, at age seven, begins to surpass Sam’s intellectual ability. The Family Protective Services take Lucy away on her 7th birthday which Sam has a birthday surprise to her. Sam gets intense lawyer Rita Harrison (Michelle Pfeiffer) to help him and soon enough, she learns from Sam to take time to smell the roses and play with her own son. I Am Sam  makes a compelling argument that love is the most important ingredient in raising a child and Sam shows that even a mentally challenged individuals are definitely capable of giving love, that love brings people together, including, sometimes, apparent enemies. 1 retrieved from contactmusic. om/movie-review/iamsam 2 Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, n. d. ,  http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/I_Am_Sam, (accessed  26 February 2013 at 17:54) 3 The Beatles, â€Å"Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds†, Sgt Peppers Lonely Hearts Club Band, writ. Paul McCartney, 1 June 1967 PLOT SYNOPSIS: Sean Penn stars in the movie as Sam Dawson, a mentally handicapped man who gets a homeless girl pregnant. The movie opens with Sam rushing from work at Starbucks to the hospital where the young woman gives birth. The woman runs away, however, just as they are carrying the baby out of the hospital. With help from a reclusive piano teacher who lives in a nearby apartment, Sam takes care of the baby, whom he names Lucy Diamond Dawson, after the famous Beatles song Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds. The Beatles, it seems, are often on Sam’s mind. Their songs provide a reference point for his life. Another touch point are the regular video nights that Sam and his mentally handicapped male friends hold, and their regular visits to the local IHOP pancake restaurant. As Lucy grows up, it becomes clear that Sam’s mental deficiencies are holding her back, especially when Lucy starts going to school. In one scene, as Lucy reads a book with her father, Lucy pretends that she doesn’t know a word because she doesn’t want her father to look stupid. Sam, however, tells her that she is not stupid and that she should know that word. Nevertheless, Lucy’s school gets government social workers involved in Sam and Lucy’s case. They take Lucy away from Sam. Sam meets a rich lawyer named Rita Harrison, played by Michelle Pfeiffer. He’s inspired to hire her by the Beatles song about lovely Rita, meter maid4 and because her last name is Harrison, like the Beatle guitarist George Harrison, but Rita the lawyer wants nothing to do with Sam’s case. Rita is a troubled, impatient woman wrapped up in the money she earns from her work. Unlike Sam, Rita has strained relations with her own child, a young boy. Also, her husband apparently is cheating on her. When the other lawyers at work snicker at Rita’s mercenary approach to the legal profession, Rita decides to take on Sam’s case pro bono, for free. This begins a series of ups and downs as Sam fights to regain custody of his beautiful, intelligent daughter. 5 4 Beatles, â€Å"Lovely Rita†, Sgt Peppers Lonely Hearts Club Band, writ. Paul McCartney, 1 June 1967 5 Robert Shaye, Movie guide Magazine, n. d. ,   cbn. com/entertainment/screen/movie-Iamsam. aspx, (accessed  3 March 2013) CONCLUSION: I can say that I Am Sam is a must watch movie especially to those who under estimate the mentally challenged man. It shows the real value of love and a father-daughter relationship, not only to your love ones but most especially what our parents had done for us. Sam Dawson only shows that despite of his disability, he can support and take good care of his very own daughter. Like what Lucy say, â€Å"All I need is love†6 which means she doesn’t want anything but the love of her daddy. The real love who can only give to her is her father. She is contented of what she has and not asks for more. As a human being, we should learn to be contented and be sure not to waste the love given to us because once you throw it away, you will never have that and regret it. As Sam told Lucy â€Å"always set your dreams high†7 is one of the line in the movie that marked in my mind. There is no harm for dreaming high. As soon as your dream is high, you are attaining for the best that you could. The time will come that you never know you already achieved your dream. Sean Penn definitely played a very outstanding role as Sam Dawson. He can be a role model not only for the one’s who has mental disabilities but for each and every one. He is really a good father for Lucy. I can say that when Sam told Rita – â€Å"I have had a lot of time to think it, think about what it is, that makes somebody a good parent, and its about a constant scene, and its about patience; and its about listening; and its about, nd its about pretending to listen, even when you cant listen anymore; and its about a love like she said. â€Å"8 A good parent will do everything just to show his/her child that he/she is right, to never broke the trust between the two of you. Like a father and daughter, â€Å"It takes one to know one†9 which means Only a person with identical character traits would be able to rec ognize those traits in someone else. Often used as a curt rejoinder to deflect an accusation; youre only saying that about me because its true of you. Originated in the late nineteenth or early twentieth century. 10 I Am Sam  is a heartbreakingly sad and touching movie. For me it is one of the best movies I watched. It is ultimately inspiring and hopeful. Sam Dawson only proves that â€Å"It is clear that one’s intellectual capacity has no bearing on their ability to love†. 11 6 I Am Sam. Dir. Jessie Nelson. Perf. Lucy Dawson. 2001. DVD. The Bedford Falls Company, 2001. 7 I Am Sam. Dir. Jessie Nelson. Perfs. Sam Dawson, Lucy Dawson. 2001. DVD. The Bedford Falls Company, 2001. 8 I Am Sam. Dir. Jessie Nelson. Perfs. Sam Dawson, Rita Harrison Williams. 2001. DVD. The Bedford Falls Company, 2001. 9 I Am Sam. Dir. Jessie Nelson. Perfs. Lucy Dawson, Conner Rhodes. 2001. DVD. The Bedford Falls Company, 2001. 10 Gregory Y. Titelman, Random House Dictionary of Popular Proverbs and Sayings, (Random House, New York, 1996) 11 I Am Sam. Dir. Jessie Nelson. Perf. Mr. Turner. 2001. DVD. The Bedford Falls Company, 2001. As for the emotional sentiments expressed in the movie, they are based on a moral worldview that is inspiring rather than syrupy. In fact, at one point, Sam prays to God for help. Although the help that God provides at that moment in the story does not last, and Sam and Lucy must go through further trials and tribulations, the movie ends on an incredibly uplifting note. Thus, God does eventually completely answer Sam’s prayer after all, but in an unexpected, redemptive way that not even Sam’s lawyer, Rita, could predict. In the end, an unexpected turn of events resolves Sam and Lucy’s problems and love brings nearly everyone together in the movie’s final wonderful scene.

The Life and Works of Frederick Chopin essays

The Life and Works of Frederick Chopin essays The Life and Works of Frederick Chopin The 1830s have been called "the decade of the piano" because during that period the piano and the music written for it played a dominant role in European musical culture. The piano had, of course, already been popular for more than half a century, but by the third decade of the nineteenth century, changes in the instrument and its audience transformed the piano's role in musical life. As the Industrial Revolution hit its stride, piano manufacturers developed methods for building many more pianos than had previously been feasible, and at lower cost. Pianos ceased to be the exclusive province of the wealthy; an expanding middle class could also aspire to own them and make music at home. Thousands of amateur pianists began to take lessons, buy printed music, and attend concerts. Virtuosos like Friedrich Kalkbrenner, Sigismund Thalberg, and Franz Liszt became the first musical superstars, touring Europe and astonishing audiences with music they had composed to display their piano tech nique. Frederick Chopin was born in a small village named Zelazowa Wola located in Poland on March 1st, 1810. His passionate love of music showed itself at an early age. There are stories, for instance, of how when his mother and sister played dances on their grand piano he would burst into tears for the sheer beauty of the sounds he heard. Soon he began to explore the keyboard for himself and delighted in experimenting. By the age of seven he had become sufficiently good for his parents to try and find him a teacher. Their choice fell on Adalbert Zywny, a Bohemian composer then aged sixty-one and now remembered solely as Chopins first teacher. Within a few months of beginning his studies with Zywny, Chopin began to play in public, and by the end of 1817, at the age of seven, had already been described by many as Mozarts successor. Chopin began to compose around this time, and cont...

Antonym analogies

Antonym analogies Essay Antonyms have long been favourites of the readers of Word Ways, either as themselves (ODDEVEN) or in disguise. In the latter case, they may be hidden in other word pairs such as in FATETHINE, SHINSHOUT and BANDEDBORED where they occur at the beginnings, ends and in the middles of the word pairs respectively, the other letters remaining the same. In the August 1994 Kickshaws (page 169), Dave Morice listed 24 such word pairs in an item entitled Letter-Addition Opposites. Now I offer further examples and also extend the concept to include pairs of words in which the antonyms are split, appearing in 2 places in each of the two words, the other letters always remaining the same. My list includes both antonyms and near-antonyms. Most of them can be found in Chambers Dictionary of Synonyms and Antonyms ed. Martin H. Manser, 1993. Excluding certain proper names, most of the word pairs can be found in the Oxford English Dictionary, Second Edition. w2 = Websters Second Edition. Those examples which appear in WW94169 are asterisked*. EXCHANGING BEGINNINGS alls (also)nones alterationfixation askerteller (one who counts money) bagdeGoodge (a name) banelicensee barterletter bested (placed)worsted (a fine, smooth yarn) bindsfrees (frieze) boomed (what the foghorn did)slumped (in chair) bottomed (having;a bottom)toped (toppled or fell over) boyling (boiling)girling (a young salmon) breadwort (the knot grass)waterwort (plants of genus Elatine) breaker (a small keg or flaskon a boat)mender burdenerrider calmerdinner calmingwilding (a crab-apple tree or Michael) clearingfainting Cleary (a name)dully closelystartly (apt to start, jump) cometgot* coveredstriped dayly (dally)nightly divedsoard (sward) dressed striped Easterwester (windw2) ebber (manifest, unconcealed)flower emptyingfulling (the process of cleansing and thickening cloth by beating and washing) EXCHANGING ENDS Ada (a name)adzed (cut with an adze) farmfleg (a fright, scare) neart (be)nescience reblessrecurse (to recur) scentersedge scoldsheat (a pig under one year old) scoldswarm scool (school)swarm Adie (a name)alive undies (under garments)unlives (deprives of life) redress (reparation of a wrong)restrip (w2) bedrop (to drop upon, cover or wet with drops)behold pearlyplate* uneasyunhard (soft) miseasy (miserably)mistrying (trying wrongly) upend (to set something on its end)upstart (someone who has suddenly risen in importance) centercleave sevenslumpy seversnever (narrow) infall (material that falls or has fallen)inrise (to rise in opposition) forefeet (the front feet of a quadruped)forehands (shots in tennis) afind (to find out)alose (a fish) afoot (astir)ahead refreshretired unfriendlyunreserved (not put to one side) forgive (to pardon)fortake (to take away) shaveslack shere (share)sthere (steer = a young ox) chers (cheers)chis (fastidious) phot (a unit in physics = one lux maintained for one second)picy (a manoeuvre in piquet) sillswell* spinnerspouter cladclass landlady (runs a Bed and Breakfast)landman (a countryman, peasant) Roland (a name)rosea (plant species name) flaxfrigid underlay (for carpet)understood cleaveclinger sleave (sleeve)stake slendersower underlieunderstand overlieovertruth (a statement in excess of the truth) clingercrush sloath (sloth)swilling alose (a fish)awin (to win) slowstall blowerbraise slowersupper sloweststop Romanyroone (roan) remissreobserve ostomy (type of operation)ostoyour (soldier) smyth (smite v.; also a surname)struth (strewth) gnew (past tense of gnaw)gold snippyswarm doffdon* (themselves antonyms) Doverdunder (the dregs of cane juice used in the West Indies in the fermentation of rum) groovergrounder apeace (appease)Awar (a member of the people of the North Caucasus) repure (to purify again)revile (to use abusive language) squeer (squire)swell unrest (disturbance)unwork (to undo or detach from something) troughtwell (till) ALL POSSIBLE EXCHANGES The same pair of antonyms may occur in different places in different pairs of words, specifically at the beginning, the end or in the middle of words. Alternatively, the antonyms may be split and appear in two, corresponding, separate places in each word. Below, each different pair of antonyms appears in at least 3 of the 4 columns. READ: Irony in Chinua Achebe's Things Fall Apart Things EssayADDITIONAL SPLITS Here are some more examples of split  antonym  exchanges: (a) Beginning and End chame (a fissure)whent (quaint) drey (a squirrels nest)weet (to know) easilytensile haleshale heardtrail loessMoore (a name) lousemauke (maggot) pumill (pommel)pumish (pumice) rinsesnag shafe (sheaf)wheak (a squeak or whine) weak in the sense of unguarded trender (a wool winder)trough theoremuores (journeys) treuce (truce)wear (b) Beginning and Middle flinder (to break into fiinders or pieces)sleeker fletcher (an arrow-maker)slender (c) Middle and End rantedroter (one who repeats by rote) minn (type of old Irish ornament)mount (d) Beginning, Middle and End Here is a 3-way split pair of antonyms (these and those): threstle (trestle)throstle (a thrush) ALTERNATIVE SPLITS The 2 words FARER (traveller) and NEARER offer a choice of 2 positions for the antonyms FAR and NEAR: FARERNEARER and FARERNEARER. There are, however, 2 words which go one stage further, offering a choice of 3 positions for the antonyms MAS (several mothers) and PAS (several fathers): MASSESPASSES MASSESPASSES MASSESPASSES Both the above examples owe their existence to the presence in the words of repeated letters, R and S respectively.

Managers and HR Professionals Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Managers and HR Professionals - Essay Example Despite the facts that supervisors remain in close contact with employees and are aware of their needs and requirements, their opinions are over rules and ignored. This reflects through improper selection of candidates, high rates of attrition of crucial resources, rising costs of recruitments and high investments in training and developmental activities. Supervisors are subjected to too much scrutiny and inspection which keeps them from performing to the best of their abilities. b) ‘Should managers be given more autonomy to make decision making, but what are some of the drawbacks of doing so?’ It is recommended that managers are given greater autonomy in handling HR activities of the organization. This is because they remain in close connection with their subordinates and know about their shortcomings, strengths, training needs, causes of frustrations and resentment which causes them to leave. Greater autonomy would allow them to manage the workforce according to the sp ecific needs of the situation and this would help keep employees satisfied which would further better their performance. However, too much autonomy of the managers might give them the opportunity to exploit the workers and deprive them of their deserving. c) ‘How should top executive deal with the situation and more specifically, how should the HR director deal with it?’ The top executives and the Director can resolve the situation by providing greater authority to the supervisors and line managers in handling the workforce activities. However, at the same time they must closely review the performance of the managers so as to ensure that their decisions are safe and favorable for the organization (Armstrong & Baron, 2002, p.119). 2. Boeing and Airbus Outsourcing a) Describe the advantages and disadvantages of outsourcing for these companies, as described in the article. The main advantages of outsourcing for these companies is that they can avail a highly talented and q ualified workforce and skills which are not available in their own country. Additionally the rare skills can be employed at a much less compensation level as compared to a worker who is employed in the home country. Thus it is cost effective to outsource activities in foreign nations. However, the main disadvantage lies in the fact that exchange rates are subject to fluctuations and can severe loss to a company when the value of currency in the home nation falls as compared to the guest nation, as happened in the case of Airbus when the value of dollar rose. b) Are there ethical considerations involved in this type of outsourcing? Please explain. Such fluctuations in the exchange rates causing great losses for the companies generally results in job cuts to compensate for the loss, which is regarded as an unethical practice. Also discontentment among workers results in strikes, demanding unfair claims from workers which pose significant loss for the company (Brewster & Harris, 1999, p.27). 3. Importance of Tolerance in the Workplace Incident no. 1 a) Should ABC comply with its client’s request? It is recommended that ABC Temps abides by its client’s request of removing Susan from the particular job role. This is because every

Criminal Justice Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 6

Criminal Justice - Essay Example Prior to the arrest, a magistrate who has no interest in the case has to have given permission for the warrant to be issued. This ensures that the arrest is supported on a legal foundation. The next step after the arrest is booking the suspect. In this process, the individual is fingerprinted, photographed, and expected to provide personal information. In cases where th charges include the abuse of alcoholic substances, the suspect can be allowed to enroll in a suitable diversionary program like that of alcohol rehabilitation (Spano, Freilich, & Bolland, 2008). In such cases, the suspect has to abide by the regulations of the program or continue to the following criminal justice system stage for the continuation of the process of booking. After booking, the suspected person will be given a definite date on which he or she I scheduled to appear before a judge in court. Usually, this will happen in a couple of hours after the arrest. During this process, the suspect is informed of his or her right to be released, prior to the trial date, on his or her individual recognizance. A suspect could also be released when he or she posts bail. It is up to the judge to determine the amount that will be requested in the bail. This decision is often based on the brutality of the crime as well as the suspect’s potential to escape. The judge also considers the criminal background of the suspect before deciding on the amount for bail. In cases where bail is posted, the suspect will be required to provide the court with his or her passport. In the next stage, there is an arraignment hearing in which a judge will determine if a crime was actually carried out and if the accused person could be responsible for it. If it is found that the accused could have committed the crime, there will be an indictment (Spano, Freilich, & Bolland, 2008). On his or her next arraignment in court, the suspect has to enter a no contest, guilty, or not guilty plea. In cases where

Employees Performance & Assessment system used in your organization Assignment

Employees Performance & Assessment system used in your organization - Assignment Example This has thus forced organizations to ensure proper training and support for those conducting the assessment, and assessing the risk possibilities to reduce legal liabilities. A job performance evaluation system is only considered effective if it can clearly show employees responsibilities, motivate them, show their contribution and give information that can be useful in making personnel decisions. This essay will evaluate the forced distribution system of performance evaluation, its advantages, disadvantages and ways of improving the system. In a forced distribution evaluation system the managers are expected to distribute ratings for the evaluated employees, into a pre-specified performance distribution ranking as described in Concise Blackwell Encyclopedia of Management by Cooper & Argyris. Meisler defined forced distribution performance evaluation as; It's a workforce-management tool based on the premise that in order to develop and thrive, a corporation must identify its best an d worst performers, then nurture the former and rehabilitate and/or discard the latter. It's an elixir that in these slow-growth times has proved irresistible to scores of desperate corporate chieftains - but indigestible to a good many employees (44-49). Just like the name suggest this system forces the managers to ensure that the performance evaluation reflects the true performance of each member within the organization. This system aims to improve overall productivity within the organization. Most organizations have developed their own criteria of ranking, which functions by developing the criteria and employees and ranked according to it. The performance criteria can either be in terms of goals or expected behavior expected of the employees. Microsoft organization rates its employees using a unique scale. Their 5 point scale ensures that employees also get a ranking for being either the most valuable or the least valuable in terms of performance. Through lifeboat discussions man agers will decide on the rankings by choosing the employees that they consider as the most valuable (Abelson,1). This form of ranking allows for determination of the least performing employee, because of this some organizations use the same system as a means of determining which employees are to be laid off. This ranking that allows for firing of workers has led the forced distribution system to be termed as ‘rank and yank’ system (Osborne & McCann, 6- 9). This system though employed by some organizations has both positive and negative features. It is imperative when considering an evaluating system to use in an organization to look at both of these features. This enables an organization to decide on which best fits the organization and will ensure that the employees feel secure in the workplace and promotes effectiveness and productivity. One of the advantages of fixed distribution performance evaluation system is that is that the use of this type of system can help to ensure that common errors that occur during performance evaluation are eliminated. These errors include; poor rating of the employees, or leniency errors whereby the employees are rated questionably well. The latter is the most common, and it is found in most cases that an employee is

Implementation Plan for Active Directory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Implementation Plan for Active Directory - Essay Example This paper presents the design and implementation recommendations pertaining to active directory system for Riordan Manufacturing. Microsoft Active Directory system is compliant to popular protocol called â€Å"Light Weight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP)† which is a de-facto standard for directory services for interactions between the user and the shared resources on the network. LDAP is widely deployed in all UNIX flavors and Linux based network implementations. It maintains up-to-date information of all the networked resources & services, application configuration information, user credentials (username, password, and access privileges) and security related information. The users of the organization can enjoy high level of productivity as they can quickly search & connect to a network resource and carry out the business transactions. The organization can trust the LDAP system for highly reliable access-control and security of the data accessible via networked resources. (Dias, John. 2002. pp3-8) Microsoft Active Directory logical components comprises of Forest, Trees, Domains, Organizational Units, Users, Groups, Global Catalogue and Schema. The Active Directory physical components comprises of the Sites, Domain Controller (DC), Additional Domain Controllers (ADC), The Domain Name Servers (DNS), Site Replication Services, and Group Policies Organization. Some of the key business benefits of implementing Microsoft Active Directory System are: Riordan Manufacturing has four offices – the corporate HQ and R&D Center, the Plastic Fan plant having 250 employees at China, the plastic beverage container plant at Albany, GA having 45 employees and the custom plastic parts plant at Pontiac, MI and 130 employees. The network has Windows NT Servers as well and hence the AD will need to be implemented in â€Å"mixed† mode rather than â€Å"native† mode. The design proposed herewith is a single forest,

Tow Qustions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Tow Qustions - Essay Example Furthermore, program evaluation seeks to evaluate if the program is worthwhile, needs improvement or re-focusing. The program evaluation that sparked my interest is the assessment of the juvenile justice programs. The juvenile justice programs are tasked with transforming delinquents into socially functioning individuals. Rarely do citizens question the effectiveness and success of such a respected public institution. This evaluation utilizes SPEP (Standardized Program Evaluation Protocol) to determine the efficiency of the juvenile institution (Rossi et al., 2004, p23). The SPEP compares several juvenile justice programs to determine their effectiveness. Prior to evaluating this effectiveness, the researchers developed a meta-analysis of the programs. Meta-analyses are a definitive way used in assessing the best practices from the analysis of several studies on programs. The meta-analyses aim at improving the program, in our case the juvenile justice, to achieve efficiency and effectiveness (Bardach, 2012, p68). Other techniques used in the evaluation program for the juvenile justice program are the OJJDP’s strategy that assesses the current juvenile systems. This program evaluation aims at improving on the juvenile justice record of positively changing the lives of delinquents. The evaluation aims at instigating change and reform in this system responsible for the lives of misguided youths. It further aims at disapproving certain methods used in, such as the use of confinement to discipline delinquents. The results of the program evaluation are not definitive. However, the researchers leave several guidelines and recommendations that suggest the best way forward for the juvenile justice program. This way is based on the results gathered from the research. All stakeholders of the program are addressed individually as the evaluation seeks to improve on the program’s effectiveness

Internet Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Internet Marketing - Essay Example From the discussion it is clear that  the internet is a unique medium of marketing because of the interactive nature and thus it is able to not only provide instant responses but also elicit instant responses from clients and audience in general. Furthermore, the hastily embrace of internet has been as a result of the alleged wider scope of the internet marketing. The scope is wider because it involves both digital media such as e-mail and the wireless media. It is also important to note the fact that internet marketing also involves management of customer data which is digital and also an electronic customer relationship management (ECRM) system.  This paper discusses that internet marketing continues to be popular because it combines the dual potential of internet for marketing; the creativity and technical aspects. These two greatly enhance the aspects of marketing such as the development of design, advertisement and sale. Internet marketing engages the customers through vario us stages such as SEM (search engine marketing), Banner adverts within various popular websites such as face book, marketing via e-mail, SEO (search engine optimization) and web 2.0 strategies. These various stages of customer engagement afford a wider audience and have a scope component as well.  When one talks of internet marketing, a business model within which the internet marketing is conducted is implied. Internet marketing is related to a number of business models. Some of these models include e-commerce, affiliate marketing and publishing among others. Most of these models are based on the particular needs of both the individual customer and needs of the company or organisation that launches the internet marketing campaign. As far as the e-commerce model is concerned (model that is embraced by most organisations that carry out internet marketing) the goods and/or services are sold straight to the customers or other business organisations without going through intermediarie s. This approach is able to afford the internet marketing a one-to-one approach. In this one-to-one internet marketing approach, the targeted consumer is usually browsing alone and thus the advertisement message is able to reach him/her personally. This approach is mostly used along with what is popularly known as search marketing. Search marketing is an internet marketing scenario in which the advertisements are based on the search keywords that are entered by the person browsing the internet (Hanson, 1999: pp245-255). 2.1 Advantages of Internet Marketing Internet marketing is relatively cheaper as compared to other offline media used for marketing. The cost effectiveness is measured in terms of the cost to target audience ratio. Actually, at a lower cost, internet marketing is able to reach a wider audience than the other offline marketing would achieve at a similar

Tow Qustions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Tow Qustions - Essay Example Furthermore, program evaluation seeks to evaluate if the program is worthwhile, needs improvement or re-focusing. The program evaluation that sparked my interest is the assessment of the juvenile justice programs. The juvenile justice programs are tasked with transforming delinquents into socially functioning individuals. Rarely do citizens question the effectiveness and success of such a respected public institution. This evaluation utilizes SPEP (Standardized Program Evaluation Protocol) to determine the efficiency of the juvenile institution (Rossi et al., 2004, p23). The SPEP compares several juvenile justice programs to determine their effectiveness. Prior to evaluating this effectiveness, the researchers developed a meta-analysis of the programs. Meta-analyses are a definitive way used in assessing the best practices from the analysis of several studies on programs. The meta-analyses aim at improving the program, in our case the juvenile justice, to achieve efficiency and effectiveness (Bardach, 2012, p68). Other techniques used in the evaluation program for the juvenile justice program are the OJJDP’s strategy that assesses the current juvenile systems. This program evaluation aims at improving on the juvenile justice record of positively changing the lives of delinquents. The evaluation aims at instigating change and reform in this system responsible for the lives of misguided youths. It further aims at disapproving certain methods used in, such as the use of confinement to discipline delinquents. The results of the program evaluation are not definitive. However, the researchers leave several guidelines and recommendations that suggest the best way forward for the juvenile justice program. This way is based on the results gathered from the research. All stakeholders of the program are addressed individually as the evaluation seeks to improve on the program’s effectiveness

Rocky Mountain Chocolate Factorys sweet success Essay Example for Free

Rocky Mountain Chocolate Factorys sweet success Essay The major competing sweet producers Rocky Mountain Chocolate Factory and Hershey’s company have different business strategies, which give them distinct status in the market of the USA. RMCF is concerned in its perspectives and long-term goals to make the company more profitable and successful in the sphere of chocolate business. Hershey’s company deals with the short-term objectives and tries to obtain profit in an abridged period of time. The business strategy of profit-making Rocky Mountain Chocolate Factory has the competitive advantage over prosperous Hershey’s company in corporate governance, organizational structure and confection distribution in the USA. The first difference between the companies is that the corporate governance of RMCF is structured more efficiently than Hershey’s. Corporate governance of RMCF consists of directors who have equal rights. RMCF administers its main rules with three to nine directors (Wheelen and Hunger, 2012, p263). Despite the main principals, the specific board of directors operates as a head of the whole organization and it is able to elect directors itself. This condition is likely to motivate the directors, so they try to accomplish their part of business as accurate as possible. Shareholders have a right to vote in yearly meetings and they can have an influence on the election of the potential directors by giving the additional number of votes (Wheelen and Hunger, 2012, p264). In consequence, the shareholders who have invested money into the company can be confident in the liability of the people to whom they give the opportunity to control the business. Unlike RMCF the Hershey’s c ompany has different types of directors who have their special responsibilities in conducting the business. The governance of the company consists of three types of directors, namely independent, informed and engaged, also a board of directors, which perform various functions in management. Such a bureaucratic structure makes the decision-making process more complicated and creates difficulties with the overall performance of the company. Board members of the company can easily intervene into the tasks of the workers and they can hire new employees without any restrictions (The Hershey Company, 2013). This action may disrupt employees from work and directors can have another option that will not be considered due to their limited liability. Corporate governance of Hershey’s company does not include the participation of shareholders in arranging managers for the firm, so the shareholders are not aware of the financial environment of the company. Thus, the exact number of directors and the role of the Board of directors make the RMCF’s governance organized in a beneficial form, whereas Hershey’s faces several difficulties with it. The second privilege of RMCF is an adept and profit-seeking organizational structure. RMCF has its own shops and franchises which are situated in the regional malls, tourist-oriented retail areas, ski resort, specialty retail centers, airports, neighborhood centers, and factory outlet malls (Harrison, 2003, p240). This location of the chocolate shops creates positive selling opportunities by attracting customers and promoting the product as well. According to the Success Magazine, in 1995-96 the Rocky Mountain was in the seventh position of the 100 top franchisers (cited in Harrison, 2013, p420). Spreading its name recognition through company-owned stores and franchisers, RMCF had gained such a high result in determining its market force and competitive advantage over a majority of companies working in the same field. Crail (1996) states ‘We find the location, negotiate the lease, design the store, coordinate the build-out, bring the franchise here for training, send a distinct manager to the store opening, and have ongoing field support and regional and national convention’ (cited in Harrison, 2003, p420). Taking into consideration all the aspects of organizing the structure of the whole business helps RMCF achieve success without any inadvertences. For example, the total revenue of the company in 1995 was 13,616, 134 USD and up to 1998, it had a tremendous increase showing 23,763,82 USD (Harrison, 2003, pp.423-424). In contrast to RMCF’s organizational structure, Hershey’s company decided to form special commercial groups in order to obtain the significant part of the market share (New Organizational Structure to Leverage U.S. Scale and Accelerate Global Growth, 2005). They were aimed to spread the producing companies all around the world. Hershey’s has its selling premises in 50 countries of the world (Keidel et al., 2010). The company was not concerned in the thorough organization of its structure; that is why it had to fund its company in other countries too. To summarize, RMCF establishes its franchises around the USA and increases the sales by allocating stores in the places with target audience while Hershey’s fail in organizing the right structure, consequently the company has to move into the market of foreign countries. The third quality that makes the business strategy of RMCF more valuable rather than Hershey’s is product distribution. RMCF delivers its products through shipments to distribution outlets from the premise of manufacturing Durango, Colorado. Franchisees are not provided with the immense space to hold the goods, so they ask the company to give them the quantities that they are able to sell during 14 to 28 days (Wheelen and Hunger, 2012, p.26-10). By following this strategy, RMCF chocolate can be a reliable product in terms of freshness. ‘RMCF believed that it should control the manufacturing of its own products in order to better maintain its high product quality standards, offer unique proprietary products, manage costs, control production and shipment schedules, and pursue new or underutilized distribution channels’ (Wheelen and Hunger, 2012, p.26-10). At the same time, the Hershey’s company distributes its products through â€Å"grocery stores, mass merchandisers and drug stores and functions as a single entity†. More than the half of total sales is received from â€Å"merchandisers† and â€Å"supermarkets† (Keidel, et al., 2010). In case the Hershey’s has a delayed delivery; it needs to pay fine for the customers who will not promote Hershey’s products, so losses in sales and credibility will probably occur (Zsidisin, 2006). Hershey’s company faces losses of capital in the period of distribution process; the borders of the time that the delivery of the products should last are not clearly stated. That can be harmful for the customers as the chocolate products are likely to spoil through time. Taking all the aspects into consideration, RMCF is dominating in distribution by saving the quality of chocolates, whereas Hershey’s company is not able to protect freshness without dec reasing the budget of the Company in its business strategy. To conclude, Rocky Mountain Chocolate Factory has more productive venture planning than Hershey’s company in controlling authority, confirmation scheme and product distribution. Controlling authorities in the RMCF have equal opportunities and reliabilities in business, while Hershey’s company is regulated mostly by a board of directors who can set the rules and hire the new employees without discussing with other directors. Conformation scheme of the companies differs from each other by allocating the stores and establishing the outlets. RMCF spreads its products to the places where many people can purchase them; in contrast, Hershey’s company delivers its products to particular stores. As RMCF is worried about its future goals, it achieves lucrative results, so Hershey’s company should also concentrate on its remote future aims.

Main Causes of Water Pollution

Main Causes of Water Pollution The water pollution in Malaysia is originated from point sources and non-point sources. Point sources that have been identified include sewage treatment plants, manufacturing and agro-based industries and animal farms. Non-point sources are mainly diffused ones such as agricultural activities and surface runoffs. According to Malaysia Environment Quality Report 2004, the Department of Environment has recorded 17,991 water pollution point sources in 2004 comprising mainly sewage treatment plants (54%), manufacturing industries (38%), animal farms (5%) and agro-based industries (3%). Another main cause of water pollution encountered worldwide is oil spills. About 29 million gallons of petroleum enters the oceans off North America each year, shows a new study by the National Research Council. Water pollution can be classified according to the nature of pollutants, the sources releasing them and the water bodies into which they are discharged. Water pollution is measured by the concentration of pollutants in the water body and their effects on other water uses. Six categories of pollutants are recognized :- Pathogens Pathogens are disease-causing bacteria, viruses and protozoa, usually from human sewage. As pathogen numbers increase, so does the risk to human health. Biochemical Oxygen Demand Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) is created by organic wastes decaying in the water body. Major sources of BOD are pulp and paper mills and municipal sewage. If dissolved oxygen is depressed to zero, all fish die and anaerobic decomposition generates noxious gases. Nutrients Nutrients, particularly nitrogen and phosphorus, enrich waters and accelerate the aging of lakes and streams (eutrophication). The resultant rich plant growth often prohibits recreational activities, and plankton blooms depress oxygen levels. Major sources of nutrients are municipal sewage and urban and agricultural runoff. Toxic Materials Toxic materials can affect the health of aquatic organisms and their consumers, and of those drinking contaminated waters. Toxicants include heavy metals, chlorinated hydrocarbons, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and phthalates. They originate from many sources as a result of the large quantities of chemicals used in industries. Mixtures of toxic materials can be toxic even if their individual concentrations are below lethally toxic levels. Oil pollutants are toxic and may also smother aquatic organisms and cause the death of birds, attracted by the appearance of calm water, by destroying the waterproofing properties of their plumage. Acidification Acidification, particularly of lakes, results from precipitation of sulphur and nitrogen oxides emitted by industries and automobiles. Acidification, particularly of lakes, results from precipitation of sulphur and nitrogen oxides emitted by industries and automobiles. Acid rock drainage, the leach water from waste rock produced from mining ores containing sulphide minerals, causes acidification of surface and ground water. Temperature Changes Temperature changes from waste heat discharges can cause pollution when their elevation reduces dissolved-oxygen levels, accelerates eutrophication, affects ecological processes and blocks migration paths of fishes. Effect of water pollution Effects on Ecosystem Besides the inorganic nutrient input, with the inflow of the waste water most of them from factory, decomposition of organic wastes in river, plant nutrients such as nitrates and phosphates will takes place. This process will promotes the growth of oxygen consuming algae (algal bloom), especially the blue-green algae which produce cynotoxics can cause poisoning to humans and animals. The growth of oxygen consuming algae, which deoxygenates water mostly kill the nearest fish and other animals is referred to as eutrophication. Addition of oxygen not sufficient to support life. Effects on Human Health Nitrate polluted water can cause incidence of tumours and ulcers. Contact with pollutants can cause skin disorders due. Water pollution also causing increased case of constipation, diarrhoea and infections to intestine. It also has dangerous effects on growing foetus in pregnant women. Loss of memory power and reduced mental sharpness. One of the biggest threats for the developing countries is the disease caused by polluted water cholera caused by drinking water to Malaria where mosquitoes breed on polluted stagnant water. Regular intake of polluted water may cause sclerosis, skin legions, and problems in blood circulation, mineral deposits in bones, certain cancers and disease of the nervous system. Reduced activity of immune system. Water borne diseases like jaundice, hepatitis, gasteroenteritis will be more prevalent due to water pollution.Diseases caused by water pollution are the major cause of human death across the world. Such toxic material travels up the food chain and effec ts human through the fish and meat that we eat .Contaminated water causes the food source and plant life to be destroyed , this inversely effects the climatic and environmental properties required for human survival. Improvement of Water Quality a) Primary treatment mechanical screening and sedimentation of undissolved solids in raw sewage is done. But it fails to remove dissolve substance in this liquid. b) Secondary treatment Sewage treated- the primary treatment is brought in contact with agent such as oxygen and aerobic micro-organisms. They will break down the organic matter(can be harmfull) into harmless materials as H2O and CO2. Furthermore, chlorination is carried out to reduce the bacteria.Further treated to tertiary level zero measures are adopted for secondary treatment :- i) Trickling filter method like the filter of mineral water,sewage water passes through a thick bed of gravel stones(large stone) so that bacteria will consume most of the organic matter. ii) Activated sludge process à ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬ in this stage,the sewage water is pumped into an aeration tank. This tank contains sludge which consisting of bacteria and algae. The bacteria is able to decompose almost all of the organic matter and algae will undergo photosinthesis and produces oxygen to promote the growth of these decomposers. c) Reverse osmosis Ways to Help Overcome Water Pollution Water remains one of our most important primary resources, vital to our survival on Earth, yet water pollution is happenning. It is serious. How can we avoid and possibly stop it? Ignorance is the main factor. Knowledge on how to preventing water pollution and its effects to our health should be spread to community. Tighter laws should be legislated and existing laws can be improved to curb illegal dumping of trash and poisonous chemical wastes into water sources.Moreover, waste materials should be disposed off properly. Faeces have to be sent to treatment tanks. Industrial wastes should be treated before disposal, to make sure the substances are harmless.Daily household rubbish can be buried or thrown away neatly in plastic bags, to be sent to special rubbish collecting areas. Increase the campaign of recycle. Excess use of insecticides and chemical fertilizers should be avoided as far as possible. If you are using chemicals that may be harmful to the environment, store them correct ly. Improperly stored chemicals can slowly sweep into the groundwater system, to avoid groundwater contamination,so keep them in tightly sealed containers, inside of structures with cement floors.

the gathering Essay examples -- essays research papers

Ernest J. Gaines was born on January 15, 1933, in Oscar, Louisiana. Many of his stories and characters are set in the swamplands of Louisiana. His target audience is Black southern youth; his goal is to give them a sense of pride in their heritage. Recently, Gaines participated in the conference "Black and White Perspectives on the American South," which intended to examine how the two races view themselves and the relations to one another. In the book A Gathering of old men, there was lots of symbolism throughout the scenes. Tthe book describes the transaction from the old south to the new south, a south that depends on the the co-existence of blacks and whites. In order for this too take place some old black men are going to have to stand up for themselves when a white cajun farmer by the name of Beau is murdered. The old black men in the story will have to face up to a racist sherriff by the name of Mapes.Beau Boutans brother Gil, who plays fullback for Louisiana State University, and depends on a black running back, is getting tired of his family violent name. He comes home to confront his dad Fix Boutan. By doing this Gil represents a new southern way. The man who murdered Beau, Charlie, was a very large man. He had been running away from his fears since he was a kid, but on this fateful day all that would change. It was finally time for Charlie to become a man after so many years. In one of the scenes from the book A Gathering of Old Men, the old men gathered around the Sheriff Mapes who symbolized white power with his gigantic size and his authority . Mapes was trying to figure out who had killed Beau Boutan. Their stories all came down to the same conclusion as the next mans story. They were fed up with verbal and physical abuse of from the Boutans. Mapes in all his years never seen such a sight or better yet a boldness in the eyes and mouths of the old black men. Even though he cursed them and hit them to get the truth, the old black men kept their stories, that they were all guilty of the murder of Beau Boutan. Before Mat left his house, one of the old black men, he and his wife got into an argument. She did not want him to be involved in what was going on. With tears of past hurt coming down his face he told her how for many years he has helped the white man get richer and the black man get poorer. He told her he was going down there f... ...ted to have written some short stories. He was criticized in his stories because he felt that poor white people will except the new south, which is built on the interracial cooperation, with some or none violent rejection (Summers 93). William faulkner, a black author, said Gaines fails to see the lingering tradition of the old south, that he does not see that white people will always be white people (Vinson 93). But I fell that faulkner fails too see the character Candy was. Even though she was on the side of the old black men, when they wanted to meet without her. She did not respect there request on the basis she thought she was still the leader or the head. Also Mapes character did respect Mathu and Charlie, but at the same time he referred to them at one points as â€Å"niggers†.Gaines story depicts the coming of a south that will tolerate the co-existence of blacks and white, but he was a little to far ahead the timeline in this book, in those days there would have been a lynching without a doubt(Wertheim123). In conclusion, Gaines touched up well on all the attitudes and stereotypes of the southern way of life, and on its objection of the co-existing between whites and blacks.

Nonverbal Communication and Cultural Differences Essay -- Cultural Dif

Nonverbal communication has always played an important role in the entire communication process. It may include gestures, kinesics, haptics and other means, which a person incorporates into the communication process. These acts make the communication process more effective and meaningful. However, nonverbal communication is highly influenced by cultural differences as the context of the culture defines how the message is interpreted. This essay will analyse several types of nonverbal communication such as proxemics, haptics, kinesics, semiotics and paralinguistic. It will also analyse the messages conveyed by these nonverbal communication types in different cultures and their impact on the non-verbal communication process in relative cultural contexts. Culture has always been a driving force in understanding nonverbal communication as nonverbal communication is highly influenced by the cultural differences as the context of the culture defines how the communication/message is interpreted in certain cultures. â€Å"Communication occurs within a context but the context is particularly important in relation to non-verbal communication† (Tyler, Kossen & Ryan, 2005, p.185). Culture defines the messages perceived by the non-verbal communication. For instance, proxemics. â€Å"Proxemics refers to the spatial relationship or how we use space.† (Tyler, Kossen & Ryan, 2005, p.190) Culture plays an important role in defining the use of one’s personal space in the nonverbal communication process. For example, in North America people usually remain at a distance from one another when talking while Latin American people stay very close when talking. (Wood, 2009). This defines the use of the privacy or personal space in t wo different cultures. H... ... Body Politics, power, sex, and nonverbal communication, Prentice Hall, New Jersey. Julia T. Wood. (2009). Interpersonal Communication: Everyday Encounters, 6th Edition, Wadsworth Publishing. Knapp, M.L. & Hall, J.A. (2001). Nonverbal communication in human action, Belmont, CA: Wadsworth. Marshall, C, Rossman, Gretchen B, (2006). Designing qualitative research, 4th edition, Thousand Oaks, California: Sage Publications. Morris, Desmond. 1994. Bodytalk: The Meaning of Human Gestures. New York: Crown Trade Paperbacks. Patterson. M.L. (1983). Nonverbal behaviour: A functional prospective, 1st Edition, Springer Peter Hartley, (1993). Interpersonal Communication, 2nd Edition, Routledge. "Cultural  Differences  in  Non ­verbal  Communication" Web. http://healthvermont.gov/family/toolkit/tools%5CF-6%20Cultural%20Differences%20in%20Nonverbal%20Communic.pdf